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    Learn Courses Basic level Pronouns Possessives

Pronouns - Lesson 1.2

Possessives

(Los posesivos)


"MY house" and "the pen is MINE" are some examples of possessives..We use possessives to indicate that something belongs to a person. Continue below for the lesson.

There are two types of possessives which are determined by their function in the sentence.

Possessive DeterminersExample
  my  This is my house.
  your  This is your book.
  his  This is his bicycle.
  her  This is her dress.
  its  The dog doesn’t like to be on its own.
  our  These are our suitcases.
  your  These are your seats.
  their  These are their books.

Note: We only use the possessive pronoun “its” with the adjective “own”.

Possessive PronounsExample
  mine  This book is mine.
  yours  Is this book yours?
  his  This bicycle is his.
  hers  The dress is hers.
  its  The house is its [the cat’s].
  ours  The suitcases are ours.
  yours  These seats are yours.
  theirs  This pencil is theirs.

Possessive determiners and pronouns vary according to the possessor and not to whether the object is in singular or plural, as in some other languages such as Spanish.

  my book,   his book,   my books,   his books…

Function

1. The possessive as determiner

These pronouns function as the determinative article of the noun that they accompany and therefore precede the object.

Examples:

 My car is blue.
 His house is big.

2. The possessive as pronoun

In this case, the possessive pronoun acts as a direct complement.

Examples:

 The blue car is mine.
 The big house is his.

Note: These examples respond to the question,“Whose is this?”.

Possessive Pronouns vs. the Genitive Case

The “-’s” termination which indicates the genitive is not to be confused with the possessive determiners. As such, we can say: :

 Her dress…

or:

 Andrea’s dress…

In both cases we are expressing a possession and a possessor; in this case, the dress. In the first sentence, the possessive determiner “her” indicates that both the speaker and the listener know who is being referred to; whereas in the second sentence, the speaker wants to acknowledge the name of the possessor.

Grammatical Rules

1. We always use the genitive to refer to people.

Examples:

 Paul’s house…
 Mary’s bike…

2. When we want to make reference to places or things we use the preposition “of”:

 The wheel of the bike…
 Washington is the capital of the United States.

3. We can also use the genitive at the end of a sentence when it is used in response to a prior question. In this case, we do not need to use the noun.

Examples:

Question :

 Where is your sister?

Answer:

 She is at my parents’.

Question:

 Whose house is this?

Answer:

 It is Michael’s.

4. When there is more than one possessor, the apostrophe comes after the “s”.

Examples:

 The girls’ toys….
 The students’ exams…

WARNING!
When the name of the possessor ends in “s”, we do not add the genitive “-’s” termination, but only the apostrophe after the “s” of the possessor’s name.

 Luis’ house…
Previous lesson Personal Pronouns
Next lesson Demonstrative Pronouns
Possessives Listen to Lesson
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